Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) dengan Sensitizer Antosianin dari Bunga Rosella
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengkarakterisasi DSSC menggunakan sensitizer antosianin dari ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (hibiscus sabdariffa), mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi larutan elektrolit dan lama perendaman sel dalam ekstrak dye terhadap efisiensi yang dihasilkan sel surya, dan mengetahui besar arus listrik yang dihasilkan DSSC dari sumber cahaya matahari langsung dan cahaya lampu halogen 150 watt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa DSSC dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan kombinasi bahan anorganik TiO2 dengan bahan organik dye dari ekstraksi bunga rosella. Efisiensi tertinggi didapatkan pada lama perendaman 30 menit. Pada sumber cahaya matahari nilai efisiensi tertinggi (0,52%) didapat pada konsentrasi elektrolit 0,5 M. Sedangkan pada sumber cahaya lampu halogen nilai efisiensi tertinggi (0,49%) didapat pada konsentrasi elektrolit 0,3 M. DSSC yang dibuat telah berhasil mengkonversi energi surya menjadi energi listrik dengan sumber
cahaya matahari dan cahaya lampu halogen dengan arus maksimum masing-masing sebesar 0,28 mA dan 0,09 mA. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik penentu performansi sel surya diantaranya struktur, jenis dye (karakteristik absorpsi cahaya), konsentrasi larutan elektrolit dan sumber cahaya yang digunakan.
ABSTRACT
This research aims were to make and characterize DSSC using anthocyanin sensitizer from rosella (hibiscus sabdariffa) petals, to know the effect of electrolyte concentration and soaking time in dye extract on solar cell0s
efficiency, and to know the amount of electrical current produced by DSSC from direct sunlight and 150 watt halogen lamp. This research included the production of TiO2 paste, dye solution preparation from rosella petals, electrolyte solution preparation, counter-electrode carbon preparation, DSSC fabrication, testing, and characterization. Research results showed that DSSC could be made by combining inorganic matter such as TiO2 and organic dye from rosella flower extract. The highest efficiency was produced by 30 minutes soaking time. In direct sunlight, the highest efficiency (0,52%) was produced from the electrolyte concentration of 0,5M. Meanwhile, in 150 watt halogen lamp, the highest efficiency (0,49%) was produced from the electrolyte concentration of 0,3M. The DSSC was able to convert solar energy to electrical energy from sunlight and 150 watt halogen lamp with the maximum electrical current of 0,28 mA and 0,09 mA respectively. Therefore, it could be concluded that the main characteristics that determine solar cells performance were structure, type of dye (light absorbance characteristic), electrolyte solution concentration, and the source of light.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j24604682.v13i2.2751
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