Developing a Framework for Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Knowledge & Science Development by Using Concept Mapping

Infrastructure and Facility are capital for region’s life. Therefore, Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Knowledge must be developed and implemented. Jurnal Manajemen Aset Infrastruktur & Fasilitas was established for developing this. The development needs a framework. A Knowledge Development Framework has been thought and formulated. The framework is presented by concept mapping. It consists of an Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Conceptual Model, an Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management Basic Model and 6 Basic Knowledges. The 6 Basic Knowledges are about : the Infrastructure & Facility, Infrastructure & Facility Managing Organization, Infrastrucutre & Facility Asset Management, Organization Management, Tools for Analyses, and Related Software can be used for Asset Management. Keyword : infrastructure & facility asset management, knowledge development framework


INTRODUCTION
It is already a general understanding that Infrastructures and Facilities (I&F) are capital for region's and national's life.The I&F is a pre-requisite for development.Meanwhile, it can be understood easily that I&F are not simple object.It must be constructed, practically all are onerous and technically can be very complex.Therefore the existence and the function performance must be guarded to be sustainable, economic, efficient and effective.Shortly, the I&F must be well managed.Therefore, I&F Asset Management (I&FAM) is important (Soemitro & Suprayitno 2018;Suprayitno & Soemitro 2018).
It is clear that, the I&FAM Knowledge need to be developed.Jurnal Manajemen Aset Infrastruktur & Fasilitas (JMAIF) is founded for developing science and knowledge of I&FAM.A Framework for I&FAM Knowledge Development need to be formulated to guide the Knowledge Development direction and mapping.The main questions for developing the framework are : what is I&FAM, what are the knoweledge components, how these should be modeled.
This paper present an attempt to develop the knowledge structure in order to able to well develop I&FAM Knowledge Development Framework.The research was executed by following stepss : background description, objective statement, literature review, framework development, and finalized by conclusion.A special method, the concept mapping, was used completed by narrative explanation.

LITERATURE REVIEW
I&FAM is a program and knowledge to manage the I&F, for the I&F can sustainably perform its function well, economically, efficiently, effectively, and still within the principle of green (environmentally, socialy, economicaly) (Soemitro & Suprayitno 2018;Suprayitno & Soemitro 2018).
Framework is a guidance or a terms of reference to do something.The framework must expressed the direction, the components and the limitation of the work will be executed.The relation and the corelation mechanism among components must be expressed also.The framework can be presented in narrative form or in concept mapping form (Wikipedia 2018b;Wikipedia 2018c).
The word mapping is always automatically associated with geographical mapping.In fact the word mapping is also used to denote mind mapping, concept mapping and the others.The word mapping denote "knowledge visualization".With visualization, knowledge construct will be presented more clear and easier to be understood.The literature review discuss only geographical mapping, concept mapping and mind mapping.Geographical Mapping is putting information or data into a geographical map.Geographical Information System (GIS) is a software for Geographical Mapping.Concept Mapping is a technique to represent an idea in visual diagram.Representation is done by using a network of a concept, each represented by a box or a circle related each other with arrow or line, depend on the existence of its correlation.Mind Mapping is a way to represent idea or concepts in a picture form.Focusing on key ideas and looking for links among each key ideas.In fact concept mapping and mind mapping is very similar (Eppler 2006;FacDev 2010;Learning Support 2010)..

Terms of Reference for Framework Development
The I&FAM Knowledge Development Framework must be simple enough, must be very easy to be understood, must be grouped in several level as needed, must be construted based on concept mapping.

Infrastructure & Facility Asset Management
I&FAM is the science, the knowledge or the acts in managing the infrastructure and facility, in order that the infrastructure and the facility to be able to function sustainably well, in economic way, efficiently, effectivly and respect the Sustainability Principle (socially, economically, environmentally) (Soemitro & Suprayitno 2018;Suprayitno & Soemitro 2018).

I&FAM Knowledge Structure Mapping
For the purpose of knowledge structure mapping, here the I&FAM Knowledges are grouped into several following components : asset management, I&FAM, I&F, managing organization, infrastructure asset management, organization management, and tools for analyse.

What is Asset Management
Asset management is systematic approach for managing assets in order that the assets value can always grow sustainably or the assets is always capable to perform its function sustainably.Physical Assets Management practically deals with procurement, operating,         This Framework is merely a proposal and needs to be critized and corrected if necessary.A certain lack or error in Framework formulation can be detected only by using it.
This Framework still need to be developed, mainly by confronting this concept against the reality by using it and to be updated step by step.Further, deeper and more complete analyse by blocks of knowledge need to be developed soon afterward.

Figure 1
Figure 1 I&FAM Basic Conceptual Model What is I&FAM -Knowledge Basic Structure Based on the above Basic Conceptual Model, the I&FAM Basic Knowledge Structure, here, is gouped into 5 components : the above 4 components and the Tools for Analysis knowledge (Fabry 2003; Soemitro & Suprayitno 2018 & Suprayitno & Soemitro 2018).This Knowledge Basic Structure is presented in Figure 2 below.

Figure 3
Figure 3 I&F Basic Knowledge What is I&FAM Managing Organization -Basic Konowledge The I&F Managing Organization Basic Knowledge consists of the following knowledge components : public/private family, type, class, function, structure, task, reporting to, resouces characteritics, organization behaviour, risk characteritics, related regulation (Groth 2013; Nadler, Tushman & Hatvany 2001).The I&F Managing Organization Basic Knowledge are presented in the following Figure 4.

Figure 4
Figure 4 I&F Managing Organization Basic Knowledge What is I&F Asset Management -Basic Knowledge Basicaly, the Basic Knowledge of I&F Asset Management for different I&F lies on the following Basic I&FAM Steps : policy, idea, planning, design, construction, administration & certification, operation & maintennce, disposal, evaluation.The whole I&FAM must respect the existing related regulation, the spatial aspects, and the environmental aspects.Different I&F generate different value and different pertinence of the parameters and variables.The I&FAM knowledge is not about I&F Engineering knowledge (Soemitro & Suprayitno 2018; Suprayitno & Soemitro 2018; Wikipedia 2018; Wikipedia 2018e).The I&FAM Basic Knowledge is presented in Figure 5 below.

Figure 5
Figure 5 I&F Asset Management Basic Knowledge What is the IFAM Organization Management -Basic KnowledgeThe Basic Knowledge of Organization Management consists of knowledge on : the POAC principle, HR management, financial management, risk management, SOP, administrative filing, organization behavior, SIM, management science, and related regulations(Doney 2017;Fabry 2003;Groth 2013;Timms 2012).The Organization Management Basic Knowledge is presented in Figure6below.

Figure 6
Figure 6 Organization Management Basic Knowledge What is Tools for Analyse -Basic Knowledge Analyse in I&FAM consist of the following tasks : analyse, evaluation, decision making.These tasks need knowledge on Tools for Analyse, which is basicaly consists of decision making techniques, concept mapping, quantitatve model, qualitative model, mathematical modelling, statistics technique (Doney 2017; Fabry 2003; Klockers & Willeke 2001; Krueger 2001; Oxenburgh & Marlpow 2005; Peersman 2014; Timms 2012; Zdenka, Petr & Radek 2011).The Basic Knowledges on Tools for Analyse is presented in Figure 7 below.

Figure 7
Figure 7 Tools for Analysis Basic Knowledge What are Computer Aided Software can be used for I&FAM -Basic Knowledges Several Compoture Aided Software can be identified.They are, among others are : spread sheet program, data base software, geographical information system software, operation research software, concept mapping software, project management software, decision making software, mathematical modeling software; asset management software.Each type of software exists in several, so the various names of the software are not mentioned here.(Elmasri & Navathe 2010; ESRI 2012; Leblanc & Grossman 2008; Munuzuri & Gonzalez-Filiu 2013; Nhat-Minh & Swostik 2014; Oxenburgh & Marlow 2005; Oyediran 2016; Sage 2013; Saltzman & Margot 2007).The Computer Aided Software Basic Knowledge is presented in Figure 8 below.

Figure 8
Figure 8 Computer Aided Software Basic Knowledge