Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil Combined With Corn Oil Into Biodiesel Using the Transesterification Method

suardi suardi; Faisal Mahmuddin; Syerly Klara; Wira Setiawan; Muhammad Uswah Pawara; Jumardi Jumardi

doi:10.12962/j25481479.v9i1.19467

Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil Combined With Corn Oil Into Biodiesel Using the Transesterification Method

suardi suardi, Faisal Mahmuddin, Syerly Klara, Wira Setiawan, Muhammad Uswah Pawara, Jumardi Jumardi

Abstract

This research endeavors to explore a novel alternative fuel source by combining waste used cooking oil and corn oil to create a biodiesel blend. The study addresses two main objectives: first, to investigate the properties of used cooking oil biodiesel with the addition of methanol and NaOH catalysts, and second, to assess engine performance using the biodiesel blend. The experimental approach employs transesterification, varying the catalyst quantity during biodiesel production. Preceding diesel engine testing, properties such as viscosity are assessed, revealing improved values meeting Indonesian National Standards post-catalyst addition, albeit with a decrease in calorific value. Engine performance is then evaluated, demonstrating that as the catalyst content increases, torque and thermal efficiency decrease, while specific fuel consumption (SFC) rises. Notably, the study concludes that a higher catalyst ratio aligns fuel properties closer to government-set standards. The most favorable engine performance is observed in the B50 sample with a catalyst variation of 1000 ml of methanol and 25 g of NaOH, showcasing superior torque, thermal efficiency, and opacity values compared to higher catalyst variations. This research underscores the importance of catalyst optimization in achieving an environmentally friendly biodiesel blend with enhanced engine performance.

Keywords

Biodiesel; Waste Cooking Oil; Corn Oil; Engine Performance; Catalyst Optimization

Full Text:

PDF

References

H. Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha et al., “Environmental life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: A systematic review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 161, no. March, p. 112411, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112411.

M. U. H. Suzihaque, H. Alwi, U. Kalthum Ibrahim, S. Abdullah, and N. Haron, “Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: A brief review,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 63, pp. S490–S495, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.527.

Pertamina, Spesification Produk BBM, BBN & LPG. 2020, p. 23.

J. H. V. G. Mustafa E. Tat, “The Kinematic Viscosity of Biodiesel,” vol. 76, no. 12, pp. 1511–1513, 1999.

D. Woodyard, Manire Diesel Engines and Gas Turbines. 2009.

K. Winangun, A. Setiyawan, and B. Sudarmanta, “Case Studies in Thermal Engineering The combustion characteristics and performance of a Diesel Dual-Fuel ( DDF ) engine fueled by palm oil biodiesel and hydrogen gas,” Case Stud. Therm. Eng., vol. 42, no. November 2022, p. 102755, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.csite.2023.102755.

K. M. H. Tschoeke, Handbook of Diesel Engines, vol. 1999, no. December. 2006.

M. U. P. Suardi, Alamsyah, Andi Mursid Arifuddin, “EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF CASTOR OIL AND DIESEL OIL MIXTURES IN A 4-STROKE COMPRESSION COMBUSTION,” Int. J. Mech. Eng. Technol. Appl., vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 167–176, 2023, doi: 10.21776/MECHTA.2023.004.02.6.

R. J. I. Suardi, Wira Setiawan, Andi Mursid Nugraha Arifuddin, Alamsyah, “Evaluation of Diesel Engine Performance Using Biodiesel from Cooking Oil Waste ( WCO ),” J. Ris. Teknol. Pencegah. Pencemaran Ind., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 29–39, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.21771/jrtppi.2023.v14.no1.p29-39.

R. J. Ikhwani, A. Putri, and R. Aulia, “Effect of Temperature Variations of Corn ( Maize ) Oil Biodiesel on Torque Values and Thermal Efficiency of Diesel Engines,” vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 87–95, 2023, doi: 10.17977/um016v7i12023p087.

D. Suanggana and B. Said, “Biodiesel Potentials of Waste Cooking Oil ( WCO ): Production , Content of Fuel Properties , and Effects on Engine Performance,” Int. J. Mar. Eng. Innov. Res., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 213–221, 2023, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j25481479.v8i2.16679.

J. R. Joshi, K. K. Bhanderi, J. V. Patel, and M. Karve, “Chemical modification of waste cooking oil for the biolubricant production through transesterification process,” J. Indian Chem. Soc., vol. 100, no. 3, p. 100909, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jics.2023.100909.

C. Adhikesavan, D. Ganesh, and V. Charles Augustin, “Effect of quality of waste cooking oil on the properties of biodiesel, engine performance and emissions,” Clean. Chem. Eng., vol. 4, no. December 2021, p. 100070, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.clce.2022.100070.

A. Z. M. Fathallah, A. Iswantoro, S. Semin, B. Cahyono, I. M. Ariana, and A. R. B. Pratama, “Analysis of The Injection Pressure Effect on Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Power with Diesel Fuel-Methanol Blend,” Int. J. Mar. Eng. Innov. Res., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 50–58, 2022, doi: 10.12962/j25481479.v7i2.12884.

V. S., J. E., A. E. Kabeel, B. R., R. Sathyamurthy, and B. Madhu, “Multi-intractable analysis for alternative Diesel–Ethanol–Canola methyl ester ternary blend,” Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 455–462, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.11.051.

R. R. Renish and M. A. Justus, “Materials Today : Proceedings A critical review on production process , physicochemical properties , performance and emission characteristics of sea mango biodiesel-diesel blends,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 44, pp. 2600–2605, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.654.

Z. Tosun and H. Aydin, “Combustion , performance and emission analysis of propanol addition on safflower oil biodiesel in a diesel engine,” Clean. Chem. Eng., vol. 3, no. June, p. 100041, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.clce.2022.100041.

M. Manzanera, M. Molina-Munoz, and J. Gonzalez-Lopez, “Biodiesel: An Alternative Fuel,” Recent Pat. Biotechnol., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 2008, doi: 10.2174/187220808783330929.

S. Chuepeng, W. Pirompugd, and E. Sutheerasak, “Performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with palm oil ethyl ester combined with fumigated ethanol on a dual fuel mode,” Energy Reports, vol. 9, pp. 470–477, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.11.067.

R. Sathyamurthy et al., “Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a DI-CI diesel engine fueled with corn oil methyl ester biodiesel blends,” Sustain. Energy Technol. Assessments, vol. 43, no. January, p. 100981, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2020.100981.

“TF Seri｜Mesin Diesel Horizontal Berpendingin Air｜Motor Industri｜YANMAR Indonesia.” https://www.yanmar.com/id/engine/products/diesel/h_watercooled/tfseries/ (accessed Sep. 30, 2022).

S. S. Suardi, “Analisa Penggunaan Biodiesel Minyak Jagung Sebagai Campuran Bahan Bakar Alternatif Mesin Diesel,” Inovtek Polbeng, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 280, 2019, doi: 10.35314/ip.v9i2.1041.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j25481479.v9i1.19467