Simulating Ocean Surface Condition on an Extreme Weather Using Hydrodynamic 3D Model

Mahagnyana Mahagnyana; Eko Hadi Sujiono; Pariabti Palloan; Nayla Alvina Rahma

doi:10.12962/j25481479.v9i1.20087

Simulating Ocean Surface Condition on an Extreme Weather Using Hydrodynamic 3D Model

Mahagnyana Mahagnyana, Eko Hadi Sujiono, Pariabti Palloan, Nayla Alvina Rahma

Abstract

Research regarding sea surface condition during the coastal flood in Parepare 6 December 2021 has been carried out. In this research, the Delft3D model will be utilized to simulate the significant wave height (Hs) and direction, tide (η), and total water level (TWL) using input data from ECMWF ERA-5, including zonal (u) and meridional (v) wind, as well as surface air pressure data (p). The model’s output demonstrate that the model is capable of accurately simulating the Hs and η, utilizing 2x2 gridded satellite data and the tide observation station of BIG, respectively. Hence, we conducted simulations to explore the interaction between Hs and η in the form of TWL in Parepare Bay, focusing in Bacukiki Barat and Ujung Districts on Desember 6, 2021. The results indicate that the maximum TWL for these two districts was 2.3376 meters dan 2.2096 meters, consecutively, both of which propagated towards the Parepare Coast. These extreme TWL height were exacerbated by the extreme rainfall occurring in Parepare City within 4-7 December 2021, which is exceeding 200 mm/day. The ECMWF ERA-5 model also revealed that the presence of strong winds blowing from The Java Sea to The Makassar Strait at speeds of around 25-30 knots, which is suspected to be the underlying cause of the high waves observed over the Makassar Strait.

Keywords

Parepare; coastal inundation; significant wave height; tide; total water level; extreme rainfall

Full Text:

PDF

References

H. Sirajuddin and B. Rivaldi, “Coastal morphodynamic and assessments of coastal vulnerability index in Parepare bay,” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 419, no. 1, 2020.

Kuntinah, I. R. Nugraheni, and R. Ardianto, “The Simulation of Water Level Using Delft3D Hydrodynamic Model to analyze the case of coastal Inundation in Pontianak,” Innovative Technology and Management Journal, vol. 4. pp. 32–44, 2021.

Y. Shen, M. M. Morsy, C. Huxley, N. Tahvildari, and J. L. Goodall, “Flood risk assessment and increased resilience for coastal urban watersheds under the combined impact of storm tide and heavy rainfall,” Journal of Hydrology, vol. 579, no. 434, pp. 1–41, 2019.

M. A. Marfai, “Impact of Sea Level Rise to Coastal Ecology: A Case Study on the Northern Part of Java Island, Indonesia,” Quaestiones Geographicae, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 107–114, 2014.

H. Z. Abidin, H. Andreas, I. Gumilar, T. P. Sidiq, and Y. Fukuda, “Land subsidence in coastal city of Semarang (Indonesia): Characteristics, impacts and causes,” Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 226–240, 2013.

H. Z. Abidin, H. Andreas, I. Gumilar, and I. R. R. Wibowo, “On correlation between urban development, land subsidence and flooding phenomena in Jakarta,” IAHS-AISH Proceedings and Reports, vol. 370, no. November, pp. 15–20, 2015.

R. Gayathri, P. K. Bhaskaran, and F. Jose, “Coastal Inundation Research: An Overview of the Process,” Current Science, vol. 112, no. 2, pp. 267–278, 2017.

N. S. Heaps, “Storm Surges,” in Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 1967.

J. L. Mcbride, “Tropical Cyclone Formation,” in Global perspective on tropical cyclones, 1995, pp. 63–105.

M. F. Islami, H. A. Rejeki, and A. Fadlan, “Aqua MODIS and altimetry satellite data utilization for determining the effective time and area of fishing in South Sulawesi,” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 280, no. 1, 2019.

K. A. Serafin and R. Peter, “Journal of Geophysical Research : Oceans extreme value approach,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, pp. 6305–6329, 2014.

P. . Sanjaka, S. Widada, and I. . Prasetyawan, “Pemodelan Inundasi (Banjir Rob) di Pesisir Kota Semarang Dengan Menggunakan Model Hidrodinamika,” Jurnal Oseanografi, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 353–360, 2013.

Deltares, User Manual Delft3D-WAVE: Simulationof short-crested with SWAN. Netherlands: Delft, 2021.

Deltares, User Manual Delft3D-FLOW: Simulation of multi-dimensional hydrodynamic flows and transport phenomena,including sediments. Netherlands: Delft, 2021.

N. Booij, R. C. Ris, and L. H. Holthuijsen, “A third-generation wave model for coastal regions 1. Model description and validation,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol. 104, no. C4, pp. 7649–7666, 1999.

T. W. Hsu, J. M. Liau, S. J. Liang, S. H. Ou, and Y. T. Li, “A note on the derivation of wave action balance equation in frequency space,” China Ocean Engineering, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 133–138, 2011.

K. Hasselmann et al., Measurements of wind-wave growth and swell decay during the joint North Sea wave project (JONSWAP)., no. January. Deutsches Hydrographisches Institutes-Hamburg, 1973.

J. Willebrand, “Energy transport in a nonlinear and inhomogeneous random gravity wave field,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 113–126, 1975.

P. Broomans and C. Vuik, “Numerical Accuracy in Solutions of the Shallow Water Equations,” Technical University of Delft, 2003.

P. Ruggiero, P. D. Komar, W. G. McDougal, J. J. Marra, and R. Beach, “Wave Runup, Extreme Water Levels and the Erosion of Properties Backing Beaches,” Journal of Coastal Research, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 407–419, 2001.

M. A. Marfai, “Impact of coastal inundation on ecology and agricultural land use case study in central Java, Indonesia,” Quaestiones Geographicae, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 19–32, 2011.

M. A. Marfai and L. King, “Potential vulnerability implications of coastal inundation due to sea level rise for the coastal zone of Semarang city, Indonesia,” Environmental Geology, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1235–1245, 2008.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j25481479.v9i1.20087