Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Dye-sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) dengan Pewarna Ekstrak Jeruk: Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Karotenoid dan Flavonoid Terhadap Efisiensi Sel Surya

E Ernawita, I Irwansyah, Dyah Sawitri, Ruri Agung Wahyuono

Abstract


Sel surya berpewarna tersensitisasi atau dikenal dengan dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) dengan menggunakan semikonduktor ZnO dan ekstrak jeruk sebagai molekul pewarna sensitisasi (dye) telah difabrikasi dan dikarakterisasi. Ekstrak jeruk yang digunakan adalah jeruk purut biasa dan jeruk nipis. Hasil estimasi berdasarkan spektrum infra merah yang ditunjang dengan studi pendahulu menggunakan HPLC dan LC-MS menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jeruk purut biasa dan jeruk nipi mengandung karotenoid jenis lutein. Ekstrak jeruk purut biasa kaya akan kandungan flavonoid seperti naringin, hesperidin dan tangeretin, sedangkan ekstrak jeruk nipis kaya akan kandungan quercetin, sakuranetin, dan tangeretin. Kombinasi kandungan flavonoid berpengaruh pada sifat optik dan elektronik dari ekstrak. Hasil fabrikasi dan karakterisasi arus-tegangan DSSC menggunakan elektroda aktif ZnO dan pewarna ekstrak jeruk menunjukkan hasil bahwa tegangan rangkaian terbuka (Vc) dan faktor pengisian (fill factor, FF) relatif sama untuk semua jenis ekstrak jeruk yaitu Vc 0.340 V dan FF 0,4. Rapat arus pada rangkaian singkat terbesar (Jsc = 0.956 mA.cm−2) dihasilkan DSSC dengan molekul pewarna ekstrak jeruk purut biasa dan efisiensi yang mampu dicapai sebesar 0.122%.

 


ABSTRACT


Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) employing ZnO and citrus extracts as sensitizer were fabricated and characterized. Citrus extracts used in this study were isolated from Citrus hysterics and Citrus Auran-Tii folia (kafir lime). Infrared spectroscopy study, corroborated with HPLC and LC-MS, estimates that both citrus extracts contain a high content of lutein as carotenoids. In addition, Citrus hysteric extracts contain rich flavonoid including naringin, hesperidin, and tangeritin, while kafir lime extracts are characterized by high content of quercetin, sakuranetin, and tangeritin. The combination of different flavonoids and carotenoids in both extracts results in different optical and electronic properties. The current-voltage measurement of ZnO-based DSSC shows that the open circuit voltage (Vc) and fill factor (FF) are unaffected upon using different dyes, i.e. Vc 0.340 V and FF 0.4. The highest short circuit current (Jsc = 0.956 mA.cm−2) is generated in DSSC utilizing Citrus hysteric extracts and yield efficiency up to 0.122%.


Keywords


Dye-sensitized solar cell, ZnO, Carotenoid, Flavonoid, Citrus extract, Efficiency

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j24604682.v13i3.2839

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