Tingkat Kepuasan Penghuni Apartemen Kelas Menengah ke Bawah di Kota Surabaya
Abstract
Kepuasan berhuni adalah sebuah konsep yang merujuk pada tingkat kepuasan sebuah rumah tangga terhadap situasi hunian yang sedang mereka tinggali. Apartemen sebagai salah satu pilihan berhuni yang bisa menjadi solusi perkotaan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan lahan dan housing backlog nyatanya masih kurang diminati oleh mayoritas penduduk Indonesia. Pengaruh pandemi COVID-19 membuat masyarakat tidak puas terhadap hunian vertikal dengan kurang luasnya lahan untuk bergerak dan kebutuhan akan udara segar. Tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan dan aspirasi penghuni apartemen menimbulkan ketidakpuasan berhuni yang dapat mendorong intensi untuk berpindah ke hunian yang dipreferensikan. Terdapat ketidakseimbangan pasar apartemen menengah ke bawah di Kota Surabaya dimana rata-rata absorption rate sebesar 21,39% menunjukkan permintaan unit yang tinggi, sementara vacancy rate sebesar 21,68% mengindikasikan jumlah unit kosong yang tinggi pula. Kondisi ini mendukung anggapan apartemen sebagai hunian transisi sebelum beralih menempati rumah tapak untuk jangka panjang. Penelitian ini berusaha meneliti fenomena tersebut menilai tingkat kepuasan penghuni apartemen kelas menengah ke bawah di Kota Surabaya. Ruang lingkup penelitian akan mencakup 41 apartemen kelas menengah ke bawah dengan rentang harga unit 175 juta hingga 2,03 milyar rupiah yang tersebar di Surabaya, dimana sebesar 56,16% dari seluruh apartemen wilayah tersebut tergolong ke dalam tipe apartemen ini. Tingkat kepuasan penghuni dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis statistik deskriptif. Penghuni apartemen kelas menengah ke bawah di Kota Surabaya umumnya merasa puas ketika meninggali unit huniannya dengan memberi rata-rata skor sebesar 3.88. Aksesibilitas menuju supermarket/pasar serta Aksesibilitas menuju fasilitas perbelanjaan menjadi indikator yang paling memuaskan sedangkan Fasilitas lift dan Fasilitas parkir memiliki kinerja yang paling kurang memuaskan. Keseluruhan proses penelitian diharapkan mampu membantu pemerintah dan pengembang untuk mengidentifikasi dan meningkatkan kinerja faktor-faktor ketidakpuasan penghuni sehingga kemauan penghuni untuk tinggal di apartemen kelas menengah ke bawah dalam jangka panjang meningkat.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j2716179X.v19i0.21061
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