Skenario Penyediaan Pos Pemadam Kebakaran Untuk Melayani Bangunan Tinggi di Kota Surabaya Berdasarkan Waktu Tanggap Ideal

Caesaryo Arif Wibowo; I Dewa Made Frendika Septanaya

doi:10.12962/j2716179X.v19i0.21087

Skenario Penyediaan Pos Pemadam Kebakaran Untuk Melayani Bangunan Tinggi di Kota Surabaya Berdasarkan Waktu Tanggap Ideal

Caesaryo Arif Wibowo, I Dewa Made Frendika Septanaya

Abstract

Fenomena perkembangan bangunan tinggi di Kota Surabaya mengakibatkan perlunya dukungan layanan pemadam kebakaran kota dalam waktu cepat karena karakteristik bangunan tinggi yang membutuhkan waktu evakuasi lebih panjang, akses yang sulit, maupun keamanan struktural bangunan tinggi. Meskipun demikian, faktanya layanan pos pemadam kebakaran saat ini masih belum sepenuhnya menjangkau titik bangunan tinggi (eksisting maupun rencana) dalam waktu tanggap ideal di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengevaluasi layanan pos pemadam kebakaran eksisting dan merekomendasikan lokasi pos baru agar seluruh bangunan tinggi di Kota Surabaya dapat terlayani dalam waktu tanggap ideal. Analisis closest facility berbasis GIS digunakan untuk mengevaluasi layanan pos pemadam eksisting dan analisis location-allocation digunakan untuk merekomendasikan jumlah dan sebaran penambahan pos pemadam kebakaran baru dengan mempertimbangkan hambatan dan kecepatan lalu lintas ideal yang menentukan waktu tempuh menuju ke lokasi kebakaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 1.018 bangunan yang masuk dalam jangkauan layanan pos pemadam kebakaran eksisting dengan waktu tanggap ideal, sementara 452 bangunan di luar jangkauan. Oleh sebab itu, dibutuhkan 1 pos baru agar seluruh bangunan tinggi terlayani dengan skenario yang optimal. Hasil penelitian dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan kebijakan kota untuk memasukkan ketentuan yang lebih komprehensif mengenai kebutuhan fasilitas pemadam kebakaran, mencakup penambahan pos pemadam kebakaran di lokasi-lokasi yang strategis dan padat bangunan tinggi dan dorongan terhadap penambahan unit mobil tangga dan water supply sebagai prasarana kebakaran yang sesuai untuk bangunan tinggi.

Keywords

Location-Allocation, Closest Facility, Multi-Skenario, Pos Pemadam Kebakaran, Bangunan Tinggi

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j2716179X.v19i0.21087