The Influence of Cross Equatorial Northerly Surge (CENS) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Atmospheric Dynamics in Western Indonesia

Jhon Paul Estomihi Togatorop, Sayful Amri, Jerremy Mezac Sopacua

Abstract


Indonesia is located between the Asian and Australian continents, making its weather and climate significantly influenced by the atmospheric conditions of both continents. Differences in solar radiation received by high-latitude regions and the equator lead to pressure differences, resulting in airflows from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas. This study analyzes atmospheric dynamics parameters during the occurrence of Cross Equatorial Northerly Surge (CENS) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in Neutral, La Niña, and El Niño phases. The analysis compares atmospheric dynamics during CENS-ENSO Neutral, CENS-La Niña, and CENS-El Niño events. The focus is particularly on part of the CENS propagation area, including the southern South China Sea to the western Java Sea. The data used in this study include ERA-5 reanalysis pressure level data, ERA-5 reanalysis single-level data, and CMORPH High-Resolution Global data with a spatial resolution of 0.25° x 0.25° and hourly temporal resolution. The results indicate that CENS during ENSO affects sea surface temperature, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), precipitation, moisture transport, and divergence over Western Indonesia, particularly in southern Sumatra, the Java Sea, the northern coast of Java, and the western to southern coasts of Kalimantan.

Keywords


CENS; ENSO; OLR; Moisture Transport

Full Text:

PDF

References


T. T. Pujiastuti and Nurjaman, “Peranan Cross Equatorial Northerly Surge terhadap Dinamika Atmosfer di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat,” Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2019, doi: 10.29122/jstmc.v20i1.3488.

C.-P. Chang, M.-M. Lu, and H. Lim, “Monsoon Convection in the Maritime Continent: Interaction of Large-Scale Motion and Complex Terrain,” Meteorological Monographs, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 6.1-6.29, 2016, doi: 10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-15-0011.1.

V. Moron, A. W. Robertson, and J.-H. Qian, “Local versus regional-scale characteristics of monsoon onset and post-onset rainfall over Indonesia,” Clim Dyn, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 281–299, Jan. 2010, doi: 10.1007/S00382-009-0547-2/METRICS.

M. Hattori, S. Mori, and J. Matsumoto, “The Cross-Equatorial Northerly Surge over the Maritime Continent and Its Relationship to Precipitation Patterns,” Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II, vol. 89A, no. A, pp. 27–47, 2011, doi: 10.2151/jmsj.2011-A02.

S. Mori et al., “Lightning climatology over Jakarta, Indonesia, based on long-term surface operational, satellite, and campaign observations,” EGU General Assembly 2016, vol. 18, Apr. 2016, Accessed: Jan. 24, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016EGUGA..18.5307M/abstract

S. Mori et al., “Meridional march of diurnal rainfall over Jakarta, Indonesia, observed with a C-band Doppler radar: an overview of the HARIMAU2010 campaign,” Prog Earth Planet Sci, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–23, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1186/S40645-018-0202-9/FIGURES/9.

Y. S. Swarinoto, “Studi tentang aliran lintas ekuator pada paras 850 MB di daerah sekitar laut Jawa,” Skripsi, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 1996. Accessed: Jan. 24, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://lib.ui.ac.id/m/detail.jsp?id=20177503&lokasi=lokal

E. Mulyana, “Analisis Cuaca Selama Kegiatan TMC Redistribusi Curah Hujan,” Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 13–18, Jun. 2013, doi: 10.29122/JSTMC.V14I1.2677.

J.-I. Hamada et al., “Interannual Rainfall Variability over Northwestern Jawa and its Relation to the Indian Ocean Dipole and El Niño-Southern Oscillation Events,” SOLA, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 69–72, 2012, doi: 10.2151/SOLA.2012-018.

R. Hidayat and G. A. Prasetyaningtiyas, “Pemodelan Stabilitas Lereng Regional Berdasarkan Kondisi Geohidrologi (Studi Kasus Longsor Pangkalan-Sumatera Barat),” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Sipil, Surakarta, 2018, pp. 105–212. Accessed: Jan. 24, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/xmlui/handle/11617/10286

J.-H. Qian, A. W. Robertson, and V. Moron, “Interactions among ENSO, the Monsoon, and Diurnal Cycle in Rainfall Variability over Java, Indonesia,” J Atmos Sci, vol. 67, no. 11, pp. 3509–3524, Nov. 2010, doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3348.1.

P. D. Susanti, A. Miardini, and B. Harjadi, “Analisis Kerentanan Tanah Longsor sebagai Dasar Mitigasi di Kabupaten Banjarnegara ,” Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 49–59, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.20886/JPPDAS.2017.1.1.49-59.

R. Hidayat, K. Ando, Y. Masumoto, and J. J. Luo, “Interannual Variability of Rainfall over Indonesia: Impacts of ENSO and IOD and Their Predictability,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing, Jan. 2016, p. 012043. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/31/1/012043.

E. Yulihastin, T. W. Hadi, N. S. Ningsih, and M. R. Syahputra, “Early morning peaks in the diurnal cycle of precipitation over the northern coast of West Java and possible influencing factors,” Ann Geophys, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 231–242, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.5194/ANGEO-38-231-2020.

B. Dewi, A. Sayful, R. Muharsyah, D. Veanti, and N. Sagita, “The influence of cross-equatorial northerly surge in the western maritime continent,” in E3S Web of Conferences, 2023, p. 02005. doi: 10.1051/E3SCONF/202346402005.

I. Sofiati, “Karakteristik Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) Berdasarkan Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) dan Kaitannya dengan Vurah Hujan di Wilayah Indonesia,” Jurnal Sains Dirgantara, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 35–46, 2012, Accessed: Jan. 26, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.lapan.go.id/index.php/jurnal_sains/article/view/2165/1963

D. Syaifullah, “Kajian Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) dan Dipole Mode pada Kegiatan Penerapan Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca di Propinsi Riau dan Sumatera Barat Juli-Agustus 2009,” Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Jun. 2010, doi: 10.29122/JSTMC.V11I1.2175.

S. W. B. Harijono, “Analisis Dinamika Atmosfer di Bagian Utara Ekuator Sumatera pada saat Peristiwa El-Nino dan Dipole Mode Positif Terjadi Bersamaan,” Jurnal Sains Dirgantara, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 130–148, 2008, Accessed: Jan. 16, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.lapan.go.id/index.php/jurnal_sains/article/view/341/294

T.-J. Zhou and R.-C. Yu, “Atmospheric water vapor transport associated with typical anomalous summer rainfall patterns in China,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 110, no. D8, pp. 1–10, Apr. 2005, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005413.

B. P. Dewi and S. Amri, “Pengaruh Cross-Equatorial Northerly Surge Terhadap Kejadian Banjir di Jakarta (Studi Kasus 31 Desember 2019-1 Januari 2020),” Jurnal Ilmu dan Inovasi Fisika, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 41–52, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.24198/jiif.v6i1.37914.

A. S. Asmita, J. D. Malago, and Subaer, “Perbandingan Divergensi dan Vortisitas Model ECMWF dan Luaran SATAID saat Kejadian Hujan di Mamuju,” Jurnal Fisika Unand (JFU), vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 658–665, 2023, doi: 10.25077/jfu.12.4.658-665.2023.

A. Fadholi, “Perbandingan Profil Vertikal Divergensi dan Vortisitas Model WRF dengan Luaran SATAID Kejadian Hujan Lebat Batam Tanggal 30-31 Januari 2023,” Jurnal Fisika FLUX, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–17, Feb. 2014, doi: 10.20527/flux.v11i1.2616.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12962%2Fj24604682.v21i2.22064

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.